UNIX

Unix or UNIX is a computer operating system that begins from the project, Multics (multiplexed Information and Computing Service) in 1965 who carried the American Telephone and Telegraph AT & T, General Electric (GE), and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), with the cost of the Department of Defense United States (Department of Defence Advenced Research Project, DARPA or ARPA), the UNIX operating system designed as a portable, multi-tasking and multi-user.

Unix operating systems are widely used both as a server or workstation. Architectural model of Unix and client / server is the most important element in the development of internet and change the computing process is centralized in the network from a single process on a computer. Linux, an operating system that was adopted from the freely available Unix and gained popularity as an alternative to proprietary operating systems like Microsoft Windows

History

In 1969, project by AT & T Multics was stopped because too late, not in accordance with the schedule, also because the distance between an expanding priset, between New Jersey and MIT Labs.

In 1969 also, Ken Thompson, a researcher who also worked on the Multics project using a computer PDP-& try to realize the idea of Multics in liaison with Dennis Ritchie, who also previously worked in the Multics project. Peter Neuman suggested using the Unix name for the new systems, the UNIX system is then rewritten for the Digital PDP-11 in one year. AT & T many scientists add capabilities on UNIX. in 1970, so that many small programs called tools in UNIX, each used to perform a function. In 1973, Unix by Ken Thompson rewritten using the new language from Ritchie C, C language is designed to be portable from one computer to be brought to other computers. In 1977, Mike Lesk develop "ported I / 0 library," library that can be taken to overcome the difficulties brought UNIX from one computer to another computer system because differences in the handling of I / 0 from any computer, Unix was first brought into the laboratory Interdata 8 / 32 , the same microcomputer with the PDP-11. In 1978, the UNIX operating system was brought into the VAX minicomputer. up to now still a lot of Unix as an experimental system. Early in 1973 more than 16 AT & T or Western Electric in outside laboratories Bell running the Unix operating system, Unix and then spread. In 1977 at least 500 places to use the Unix operating system, 125 of them are from universities and more than 10 foreign countries. In the year 1977 Unix Version 6 also came out with a commercial support. University of California at Berkeley pay 400 (in dollars) to get the Unix source in which there are complete Unix source code. Bill Joy and Chuck Haley's, graduated from Berkeley, began to change. In 1978 Bill Joy out 30 copies of a collection of Unix programs and modifications to the replacement cost of media and delivery for 50 (in dollars). More than six years old Berkeley gets funds from ARPA to develop Unix, later known as the BSD Unix. a lot of development that has been done, such as multitasking, file-naming with the number of characters up to 255 characters and the ability to use the local computer. that same year AT & T continued to develop Unix versions, and start worrying about the popularity of BSD Unix. AT & T to develop commercial products of Unix, called UNIX System V and expressed as a standard Unix, and states that BSD Unix is not a product of Unix that standard and not kompetible, statement was issued by AT & T to reduce the popularity of BSD Unix, and also because the copyrights are on AT & T , expressed as BSD Unix BSD 4.2. Berkeley license with AT & T's University may be freely

Source : Wikipedia